EPI’s top charts of 2022: EPI’s most popular charts tell the story of how pandemic setbacks in income inequality were mitigated by pandemic relief
Rising CEO pay, a pandemic further undermining low and middle-income workers, and the growing gap between worker productivity and their pay continued to impede income equality.
Through it all, however, government pandemic stimulus programs gave a lifeline to many of those struggling to make ends meet, helping keep millions out of poverty.
All these important topics were among the Economic Policy Institute’s top charts this year.
Here’s a rundown on what saw the most engagement among EPI’s readers:
The gap between productivity and a typical worker’s compensation has increased dramatically since 1979: Productivity growth and hourly compensation growth, 1948–2021
1
| ’Year | Effective TEP, net | Nonsupervisory compensation |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 45.79% | 48.20% |
| 1949 | 46.94 | 51.16 |
| 1950 | 50.33 | 53.14 |
| 1951 | 51.01 | 53.73 |
| 1952 | 52.61 | 55.32 |
| 1953 | 54.70 | 58.10 |
| 1954 | 55.82 | 59.35 |
| 1955 | 59.11 | 61.84 |
| 1956 | 60.14 | 64.30 |
| 1957 | 61.83 | 65.78 |
| 1958 | 62.89 | 66.21 |
| 1959 | 65.62 | 68.31 |
| 1960 | 66.62 | 69.74 |
| 1961 | 68.80 | 70.92 |
| 1962 | 71.61 | 73.09 |
| 1963 | 74.04 | 74.32 |
| 1964 | 76.63 | 81.46 |
| 1965 | 79.24 | 83.49 |
| 1966 | 81.68 | 84.79 |
| 1967 | 82.54 | 85.85 |
| 1968 | 85.39 | 88.11 |
| 1969 | 86.09 | 89.91 |
| 1970 | 87.70 | 91.20 |
| 1971 | 91.59 | 93.74 |
| 1972 | 95.29 | 98.78 |
| 1973 | 96.86 | 98.63 |
| 1974 | 94.20 | 96.64 |
| 1975 | 96.83 | 96.55 |
| 1976 | 99.27 | 97.90 |
| 1977 | 100.13 | 99.72 |
| 1978 | 101.27 | 101.20 |
| 1979 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 1980 | 97.34 | 97.34 |
| 1981 | 99.08 | 97.02 |
| 1982 | 98.22 | 97.22 |
| 1983 | 101.22 | 97.67 |
| 1984 | 103.66 | 96.94 |
| 1985 | 105.31 | 96.50 |
| 1986 | 107.80 | 97.07 |
| 1987 | 107.16 | 95.75 |
| 1988 | 108.68 | 95.44 |
| 1989 | 109.43 | 95.43 |
| 1990 | 109.81 | 94.64 |
| 1991 | 110.51 | 94.48 |
| 1992 | 114.82 | 95.12 |
| 1993 | 115.31 | 95.28 |
| 1994 | 116.37 | 95.52 |
| 1995 | 116.47 | 94.95 |
| 1996 | 117.94 | 95.01 |
| 1997 | 119.78 | 96.04 |
| 1998 | 122.25 | 98.33 |
| 1999 | 124.88 | 99.66 |
| 2000 | 126.39 | 100.17 |
| 2001 | 127.91 | 101.61 |
| 2002 | 131.66 | 103.62 |
| 2003 | 136.02 | 104.67 |
| 2004 | 139.73 | 104.23 |
| 2005 | 141.84 | 103.81 |
| 2006 | 142.57 | 103.82 |
| 2007 | 143.60 | 104.67 |
| 2008 | 141.78 | 104.71 |
| 2009 | 146.96 | 108.75 |
| 2010 | 151.06 | 109.63 |
| 2011 | 149.60 | 108.31 |
| 2012 | 149.95 | 107.26 |
| 2013 | 151.60 | 108.30 |
| 2014 | 152.12 | 108.59 |
| 2015 | 154.42 | 110.31 |
| 2016 | 154.57 | 111.25 |
| 2017 | 155.59 | 111.39 |
| 2018 | 157.21 | 112.12 |
| 2019 | 159.20 | 113.69 |
| 2020 | 161.80 | 117.61 |
| 2021 | 164.57% | 117.34% |
Notes: Data are for compensation (wages and benefits) of production/nonsupervisory workers in the private sector and net productivity of the total economy. “Net productivity” is the growth of output of goods and services less depreciation per hour worked.
Source: EPI analysis of unpublished Total Economy Productivity data from Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Labor Productivity and Costs program, wage data from the BLS Current Employment Statistics, BLS Employment Cost Trends, BLS Consumer Price Index, and Bureau of Economic Analysis National Income and Product Accounts.
Most Americans believe that a rising tide should lift all boats—that as the economy expands, everybody should reap the rewards. This outcome can be guaranteed by smart and compassionate policy choices or subverted by policymakers choosing a different path. EPI’s Productivity–Pay Tracker shows the shift toward the latter: Since the late 1970s, our policy choices have led directly to a pronounced divergence between productivity and typical workers’ pay. It doesn’t have to be this way.
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How underpaid are teachers in your state?: Depending on the state, teachers make between 3.4% and 35.9% less than other comparable college-educated workers
2
| State | Teacher weekly pay penalty |
|---|---|
| Colorado | -35.9% |
| Oklahoma | -32.8% |
| Virginia | -32.7% |
| Arizona | -32.0% |
| Alabama | -30.6% |
| Oregon | -29.4% |
| Washington | -29.1% |
| Missouri | -28.3% |
| Louisiana | -27.8% |
| New Mexico | -27.4% |
| Georgia | -26.8% |
| Minnesota | -25.9% |
| Idaho | -25.2% |
| Kentucky | -24.7% |
| North Carolina | -24.5% |
| Maine | -24.0% |
| Tennessee | -23.8% |
| Illinois | -23.4% |
| Kansas | -22.6% |
| Utah | -22.5% |
| Wisconsin | -22.2% |
| Texas | -21.5% |
| Indiana | -21.4% |
| Nebraska | -20.7% |
| Arkansas | -20.5% |
| Massachusetts | -20.5% |
| Nevada | -20.4% |
| Maryland | -20.3% |
| New Hampshire | -19.9% |
| Florida | -19.6% |
| West Virginia | -19.2% |
| District of Columbia | -19.0% |
| Michigan | -18.4% |
| South Dakota | -17.9% |
| North Dakota | -17.8% |
| California | -17.6% |
| Connecticut | -17.1% |
| Montana | -17.0% |
| Iowa | -16.3% |
| Hawaii | -15.5% |
| Pennsylvania | -15.2% |
| Alaska | -14.9% |
| Mississippi | -14.7% |
| Ohio | -14.4% |
| Vermont | -13.6% |
| New York | -13.2% |
| Delaware | -10.9% |
| South Carolina | -8.3% |
| New Jersey | -4.5% |
| Wyoming | -4.0% |
| Rhode Island | -3.4% |
Notes: Figure shows state-specific regression-adjusted weekly wage penalties for public school teachers (elementary, middle, and secondary) relative to their college-educated, nonteaching peers. See Allegretto and Mishel 2019, Appendix A, for more details on data and methodology.
Figure reports state-specific regression-adjusted teacher weekly wage penalties: how much less, in percentage terms, public school teachers (elementary, middle, and secondary) earn in weekly wages relative to their college-educated, nonteaching peers. College-educated workers refers to workers who have a bachelor’s degree or more education. The dependent variable is (log) weekly wages with indicator controls on public school teacher, public school teacher interacted with each state (relevant estimate), private school teacher, gender, and married, along with indicator sets on education (M.A., professional degree, Ph.D.) and race/ethnicity (Black, Hispanic, other); also included are age as a quartic, state fixed effects. See Allegretto and Mishel 2019, Appendix A, for more details on data and methodology.
Source: Author’s analysis of pooled 2016–2021 Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Group data accessed via the EPI Current Population Survey Extracts, Version 1.0.29 (EPI 2022a), https://microdata.epi.org.
In no state does the relative weekly wage of teachers equal or surpass that of their nonteaching college graduate counterparts. Rhode Island, Wyoming, and New Jersey have the smallest wage penalties—at 3.4%, 4.0%, and 4.5%, respectively. Colorado has the largest gap at 35.9%. Four other states join Colorado in having wage penalties above 30%: Oklahoma (32.8%), Virginia (32.7%), Arizona (32.0%), and Alabama (30.6%). Teacher wage penalties are larger than 20% in 28 states.
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Profits explain much of the rise in prices in recent years: Share of price growth explained by growth in profits over the COVID-19 economic recovery
3
| Profit contribution | |
|---|---|
| 1979–2019 | 11.4% |
| 2020q2–21q4 | 53.1% |
| 2020q2–22q1 | 40.9% |
| 2020q2–22q2 | 40.8% |
| 2020q2–22q3 | 37.9% |
Note: The data show price growth in the non-financial corporate sector, which accounts for more than half of all private-sector output, and which likely sets pricing patterns for large swathes of the non-corporate sector as well.
Source: Author’s analysis of data from Table 1.15 from the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) data compiled by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA).
As we have tracked throughout the recovery from the COVID-19 recession, fatter profit margins have played a historically outsized role in driving price inflation. Between 1979 and 2019, profits contributed an average of 11.4% to prices. Since the second quarter of 2020 (the official end of the COVID-19 recession), profits’ contribution has been many times larger than their norm. Through 2021 as inflation first spiked, profits explained more than half of price growth. Throughout 2022, this profit contribution has shrunk, but only slowly and by the 3rd quarter of this year profits will still contribute well over 3 times as much to price growth as is normal.
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After the longest period in history without an increase, the federal minimum wage today is worth 27% less than 13 years ago—and 40% less than in 1968: Real value of the minimum wage (adjusted for inflation)
4
| Date | Statutory federal minimum wage | Real federal minimum wage (June 2022 dollars) |
|---|---|---|
| 1938-10-01 | $0.25 | $6.76 |
| 1938-11-01 | $0.25 | $6.71 |
| 1938-12-01 | $0.25 | $6.65 |
| 1939-01-01 | $0.25 | $6.59 |
| 1939-02-01 | $0.25 | $6.54 |
| 1939-03-01 | $0.25 | $6.49 |
| 1939-04-01 | $0.25 | $6.43 |
| 1939-05-01 | $0.25 | $6.38 |
| 1939-06-01 | $0.25 | $6.33 |
| 1939-07-01 | $0.25 | $6.27 |
| 1939-08-01 | $0.25 | $6.22 |
| 1939-09-01 | $0.25 | $6.17 |
| 1939-10-01 | $0.30 | $7.34 |
| 1939-11-01 | $0.30 | $7.28 |
| 1939-12-01 | $0.30 | $7.22 |
| 1940-01-01 | $0.30 | $7.16 |
| 1940-02-01 | $0.30 | $7.10 |
| 1940-03-01 | $0.30 | $7.04 |
| 1940-04-01 | $0.30 | $6.98 |
| 1940-05-01 | $0.30 | $6.93 |
| 1940-06-01 | $0.30 | $6.87 |
| 1940-07-01 | $0.30 | $6.81 |
| 1940-08-01 | $0.30 | $6.75 |
| 1940-09-01 | $0.30 | $6.70 |
| 1940-10-01 | $0.30 | $6.64 |
| 1940-11-01 | $0.30 | $6.59 |
| 1940-12-01 | $0.30 | $6.53 |
| 1941-01-01 | $0.30 | $6.48 |
| 1941-02-01 | $0.30 | $6.42 |
| 1941-03-01 | $0.30 | $6.37 |
| 1941-04-01 | $0.30 | $6.32 |
| 1941-05-01 | $0.30 | $6.27 |
| 1941-06-01 | $0.30 | $6.21 |
| 1941-07-01 | $0.30 | $6.16 |
| 1941-08-01 | $0.30 | $6.11 |
| 1941-09-01 | $0.30 | $6.06 |
| 1941-10-01 | $0.30 | $6.01 |
| 1941-11-01 | $0.30 | $5.96 |
| 1941-12-01 | $0.30 | $5.91 |
| 1942-01-01 | $0.30 | $5.86 |
| 1942-02-01 | $0.30 | $5.81 |
| 1942-03-01 | $0.30 | $5.77 |
| 1942-04-01 | $0.30 | $5.72 |
| 1942-05-01 | $0.30 | $5.67 |
| 1942-06-01 | $0.30 | $5.62 |
| 1942-07-01 | $0.30 | $5.58 |
| 1942-08-01 | $0.30 | $5.53 |
| 1942-09-01 | $0.30 | $5.48 |
| 1942-10-01 | $0.30 | $5.44 |
| 1942-11-01 | $0.30 | $5.39 |
| 1942-12-01 | $0.30 | $5.35 |
| 1943-01-01 | $0.30 | $5.30 |
| 1943-02-01 | $0.30 | $5.26 |
| 1943-03-01 | $0.30 | $5.22 |
| 1943-04-01 | $0.30 | $5.17 |
| 1943-05-01 | $0.30 | $5.13 |
| 1943-06-01 | $0.30 | $5.09 |
| 1943-07-01 | $0.30 | $5.05 |
| 1943-08-01 | $0.30 | $5.00 |
| 1943-09-01 | $0.30 | $4.96 |
| 1943-10-01 | $0.30 | $4.92 |
| 1943-11-01 | $0.30 | $4.88 |
| 1943-12-01 | $0.30 | $4.84 |
| 1944-01-01 | $0.30 | $4.80 |
| 1944-02-01 | $0.30 | $4.76 |
| 1944-03-01 | $0.30 | $4.72 |
| 1944-04-01 | $0.30 | $4.68 |
| 1944-05-01 | $0.30 | $4.64 |
| 1944-06-01 | $0.30 | $4.60 |
| 1944-07-01 | $0.30 | $4.57 |
| 1944-08-01 | $0.30 | $4.53 |
| 1944-09-01 | $0.30 | $4.49 |
| 1944-10-01 | $0.30 | $4.45 |
| 1944-11-01 | $0.30 | $4.42 |
| 1944-12-01 | $0.30 | $4.38 |
| 1945-01-01 | $0.30 | $4.34 |
| 1945-02-01 | $0.30 | $4.31 |
| 1945-03-01 | $0.30 | $4.27 |
| 1945-04-01 | $0.30 | $4.24 |
| 1945-05-01 | $0.30 | $4.20 |
| 1945-06-01 | $0.30 | $4.17 |
| 1945-07-01 | $0.30 | $4.13 |
| 1945-08-01 | $0.30 | $4.10 |
| 1945-09-01 | $0.30 | $4.06 |
| 1945-10-01 | $0.40 | $5.37 |
| 1945-11-01 | $0.40 | $5.33 |
| 1945-12-01 | $0.40 | $5.28 |
| 1946-01-01 | $0.40 | $5.24 |
| 1946-02-01 | $0.40 | $5.20 |
| 1946-03-01 | $0.40 | $5.15 |
| 1946-04-01 | $0.40 | $5.11 |
| 1946-05-01 | $0.40 | $5.07 |
| 1946-06-01 | $0.40 | $5.03 |
| 1946-07-01 | $0.40 | $4.98 |
| 1946-08-01 | $0.40 | $4.94 |
| 1946-09-01 | $0.40 | $4.90 |
| 1946-10-01 | $0.40 | $4.86 |
| 1946-11-01 | $0.40 | $4.82 |
| 1946-12-01 | $0.40 | $4.78 |
| 1947-01-01 | $0.40 | $4.79 |
| 1947-02-01 | $0.40 | $4.76 |
| 1947-03-01 | $0.40 | $4.68 |
| 1947-04-01 | $0.40 | $4.68 |
| 1947-05-01 | $0.40 | $4.69 |
| 1947-06-01 | $0.40 | $4.66 |
| 1947-07-01 | $0.40 | $4.63 |
| 1947-08-01 | $0.40 | $4.60 |
| 1947-09-01 | $0.40 | $4.51 |
| 1947-10-01 | $0.40 | $4.50 |
| 1947-11-01 | $0.40 | $4.47 |
| 1947-12-01 | $0.40 | $4.40 |
| 1948-01-01 | $0.40 | $4.35 |
| 1948-02-01 | $0.40 | $4.35 |
| 1948-03-01 | $0.40 | $4.38 |
| 1948-04-01 | $0.40 | $4.32 |
| 1948-05-01 | $0.40 | $4.29 |
| 1948-06-01 | $0.40 | $4.26 |
| 1948-07-01 | $0.40 | $4.22 |
| 1948-08-01 | $0.40 | $4.22 |
| 1948-09-01 | $0.40 | $4.23 |
| 1948-10-01 | $0.40 | $4.24 |
| 1948-11-01 | $0.40 | $4.26 |
| 1948-12-01 | $0.40 | $4.28 |
| 1949-01-01 | $0.40 | $4.29 |
| 1949-02-01 | $0.40 | $4.31 |
| 1949-03-01 | $0.40 | $4.31 |
| 1949-04-01 | $0.40 | $4.31 |
| 1949-05-01 | $0.40 | $4.31 |
| 1949-06-01 | $0.40 | $4.31 |
| 1949-07-01 | $0.40 | $4.35 |
| 1949-08-01 | $0.40 | $4.35 |
| 1949-09-01 | $0.40 | $4.34 |
| 1949-10-01 | $0.40 | $4.35 |
| 1949-11-01 | $0.40 | $4.35 |
| 1949-12-01 | $0.40 | $4.36 |
| 1950-01-01 | $0.75 | $8.21 |
| 1950-02-01 | $0.75 | $8.18 |
| 1950-03-01 | $0.75 | $8.17 |
| 1950-04-01 | $0.75 | $8.17 |
| 1950-05-01 | $0.75 | $8.12 |
| 1950-06-01 | $0.75 | $8.09 |
| 1950-07-01 | $0.75 | $8.02 |
| 1950-08-01 | $0.75 | $7.98 |
| 1950-09-01 | $0.75 | $7.93 |
| 1950-10-01 | $0.75 | $7.88 |
| 1950-11-01 | $0.75 | $7.85 |
| 1950-12-01 | $0.75 | $7.73 |
| 1951-01-01 | $0.75 | $7.61 |
| 1951-02-01 | $0.75 | $7.48 |
| 1951-03-01 | $0.75 | $7.46 |
| 1951-04-01 | $0.75 | $7.45 |
| 1951-05-01 | $0.75 | $7.43 |
| 1951-06-01 | $0.75 | $7.45 |
| 1951-07-01 | $0.75 | $7.45 |
| 1951-08-01 | $0.75 | $7.47 |
| 1951-09-01 | $0.75 | $7.42 |
| 1951-10-01 | $0.75 | $7.38 |
| 1951-11-01 | $0.75 | $7.34 |
| 1951-12-01 | $0.75 | $7.30 |
| 1952-01-01 | $0.75 | $7.30 |
| 1952-02-01 | $0.75 | $7.31 |
| 1952-03-01 | $0.75 | $7.32 |
| 1952-04-01 | $0.75 | $7.30 |
| 1952-05-01 | $0.75 | $7.30 |
| 1952-06-01 | $0.75 | $7.28 |
| 1952-07-01 | $0.75 | $7.24 |
| 1952-08-01 | $0.75 | $7.24 |
| 1952-09-01 | $0.75 | $7.25 |
| 1952-10-01 | $0.75 | $7.24 |
| 1952-11-01 | $0.75 | $7.24 |
| 1952-12-01 | $0.75 | $7.23 |
| 1953-01-01 | $0.75 | $7.25 |
| 1953-02-01 | $0.75 | $7.26 |
| 1953-03-01 | $0.75 | $7.25 |
| 1953-04-01 | $0.75 | $7.24 |
| 1953-05-01 | $0.75 | $7.23 |
| 1953-06-01 | $0.75 | $7.21 |
| 1953-07-01 | $0.75 | $7.21 |
| 1953-08-01 | $0.75 | $7.19 |
| 1953-09-01 | $0.75 | $7.18 |
| 1953-10-01 | $0.75 | $7.17 |
| 1953-11-01 | $0.75 | $7.19 |
| 1953-12-01 | $0.75 | $7.19 |
| 1954-01-01 | $0.75 | $7.17 |
| 1954-02-01 | $0.75 | $7.16 |
| 1954-03-01 | $0.75 | $7.17 |
| 1954-04-01 | $0.75 | $7.19 |
| 1954-05-01 | $0.75 | $7.17 |
| 1954-06-01 | $0.75 | $7.17 |
| 1954-07-01 | $0.75 | $7.19 |
| 1954-08-01 | $0.75 | $7.19 |
| 1954-09-01 | $0.75 | $7.20 |
| 1954-10-01 | $0.75 | $7.23 |
| 1954-11-01 | $0.75 | $7.21 |
| 1954-12-01 | $0.75 | $7.21 |
| 1955-01-01 | $0.75 | $7.21 |
| 1955-02-01 | $0.75 | $7.20 |
| 1955-03-01 | $0.75 | $7.21 |
| 1955-04-01 | $0.75 | $7.21 |
| 1955-05-01 | $0.75 | $7.21 |
| 1955-06-01 | $0.75 | $7.23 |
| 1955-07-01 | $0.75 | $7.22 |
| 1955-08-01 | $0.75 | $7.23 |
| 1955-09-01 | $0.75 | $7.19 |
| 1955-10-01 | $0.75 | $7.20 |
| 1955-11-01 | $0.75 | $7.18 |
| 1955-12-01 | $0.75 | $7.19 |
| 1956-01-01 | $0.75 | $7.20 |
| 1956-02-01 | $0.75 | $7.19 |
| 1956-03-01 | $1.00 | $9.58 |
| 1956-04-01 | $1.00 | $9.56 |
| 1956-05-01 | $1.00 | $9.53 |
| 1956-06-01 | $1.00 | $9.48 |
| 1956-07-01 | $1.00 | $9.44 |
| 1956-08-01 | $1.00 | $9.43 |
| 1956-09-01 | $1.00 | $9.41 |
| 1956-10-01 | $1.00 | $9.36 |
| 1956-11-01 | $1.00 | $9.36 |
| 1956-12-01 | $1.00 | $9.32 |
| 1957-01-01 | $1.00 | $9.31 |
| 1957-02-01 | $1.00 | $9.26 |
| 1957-03-01 | $1.00 | $9.24 |
| 1957-04-01 | $1.00 | $9.22 |
| 1957-05-01 | $1.00 | $9.20 |
| 1957-06-01 | $1.00 | $9.16 |
| 1957-07-01 | $1.00 | $9.13 |
| 1957-08-01 | $1.00 | $9.10 |
| 1957-09-01 | $1.00 | $9.09 |
| 1957-10-01 | $1.00 | $9.09 |
| 1957-11-01 | $1.00 | $9.06 |
| 1957-12-01 | $1.00 | $9.04 |
| 1958-01-01 | $1.00 | $8.99 |
| 1958-02-01 | $1.00 | $8.97 |
| 1958-03-01 | $1.00 | $8.92 |
| 1958-04-01 | $1.00 | $8.90 |
| 1958-05-01 | $1.00 | $8.90 |
| 1958-06-01 | $1.00 | $8.91 |
| 1958-07-01 | $1.00 | $8.91 |
| 1958-08-01 | $1.00 | $8.90 |
| 1958-09-01 | $1.00 | $8.91 |
| 1958-10-01 | $1.00 | $8.91 |
| 1958-11-01 | $1.00 | $8.89 |
| 1958-12-01 | $1.00 | $8.89 |
| 1959-01-01 | $1.00 | $8.88 |
| 1959-02-01 | $1.00 | $8.88 |
| 1959-03-01 | $1.00 | $8.89 |
| 1959-04-01 | $1.00 | $8.88 |
| 1959-05-01 | $1.00 | $8.87 |
| 1959-06-01 | $1.00 | $8.85 |
| 1959-07-01 | $1.00 | $8.83 |
| 1959-08-01 | $1.00 | $8.82 |
| 1959-09-01 | $1.00 | $8.80 |
| 1959-10-01 | $1.00 | $8.77 |
| 1959-11-01 | $1.00 | $8.77 |
| 1959-12-01 | $1.00 | $8.75 |
| 1960-01-01 | $1.00 | $8.77 |
| 1960-02-01 | $1.00 | $8.75 |
| 1960-03-01 | $1.00 | $8.75 |
| 1960-04-01 | $1.00 | $8.72 |
| 1960-05-01 | $1.00 | $8.71 |
| 1960-06-01 | $1.00 | $8.70 |
| 1960-07-01 | $1.00 | $8.71 |
| 1960-08-01 | $1.00 | $8.70 |
| 1960-09-01 | $1.00 | $8.70 |
| 1960-10-01 | $1.00 | $8.65 |
| 1960-11-01 | $1.00 | $8.65 |
| 1960-12-01 | $1.00 | $8.64 |
| 1961-01-01 | $1.00 | $8.63 |
| 1961-02-01 | $1.00 | $8.63 |
| 1961-03-01 | $1.00 | $8.63 |
| 1961-04-01 | $1.00 | $8.64 |
| 1961-05-01 | $1.00 | $8.63 |
| 1961-06-01 | $1.00 | $8.63 |
| 1961-07-01 | $1.00 | $8.61 |
| 1961-08-01 | $1.00 | $8.60 |
| 1961-09-01 | $1.15 | $9.88 |
| 1961-10-01 | $1.15 | $9.88 |
| 1961-11-01 | $1.15 | $9.88 |
| 1961-12-01 | $1.15 | $9.87 |
| 1962-01-01 | $1.15 | $9.86 |
| 1962-02-01 | $1.15 | $9.83 |
| 1962-03-01 | $1.15 | $9.81 |
| 1962-04-01 | $1.15 | $9.80 |
| 1962-05-01 | $1.15 | $9.79 |
| 1962-06-01 | $1.15 | $9.80 |
| 1962-07-01 | $1.15 | $9.80 |
| 1962-08-01 | $1.15 | $9.78 |
| 1962-09-01 | $1.15 | $9.73 |
| 1962-10-01 | $1.15 | $9.75 |
| 1962-11-01 | $1.15 | $9.75 |
| 1962-12-01 | $1.15 | $9.75 |
| 1963-01-01 | $1.15 | $9.73 |
| 1963-02-01 | $1.15 | $9.71 |
| 1963-03-01 | $1.15 | $9.71 |
| 1963-04-01 | $1.15 | $9.71 |
| 1963-05-01 | $1.15 | $9.71 |
| 1963-06-01 | $1.15 | $9.67 |
| 1963-07-01 | $1.15 | $9.65 |
| 1963-08-01 | $1.15 | $9.63 |
| 1963-09-01 | $1.25 | $10.48 |
| 1963-10-01 | $1.25 | $10.47 |
| 1963-11-01 | $1.25 | $10.46 |
| 1963-12-01 | $1.25 | $10.42 |
| 1964-01-01 | $1.25 | $10.40 |
| 1964-02-01 | $1.25 | $10.41 |
| 1964-03-01 | $1.25 | $10.40 |
| 1964-04-01 | $1.25 | $10.40 |
| 1964-05-01 | $1.25 | $10.39 |
| 1964-06-01 | $1.25 | $10.38 |
| 1964-07-01 | $1.25 | $10.38 |
| 1964-08-01 | $1.25 | $10.37 |
| 1964-09-01 | $1.25 | $10.36 |
| 1964-10-01 | $1.25 | $10.34 |
| 1964-11-01 | $1.25 | $10.31 |
| 1964-12-01 | $1.25 | $10.30 |
| 1965-01-01 | $1.25 | $10.29 |
| 1965-02-01 | $1.25 | $10.29 |
| 1965-03-01 | $1.25 | $10.28 |
| 1965-04-01 | $1.25 | $10.26 |
| 1965-05-01 | $1.25 | $10.22 |
| 1965-06-01 | $1.25 | $10.18 |
| 1965-07-01 | $1.25 | $10.19 |
| 1965-08-01 | $1.25 | $10.20 |
| 1965-09-01 | $1.25 | $10.18 |
| 1965-10-01 | $1.25 | $10.17 |
| 1965-11-01 | $1.25 | $10.14 |
| 1965-12-01 | $1.25 | $10.11 |
| 1966-01-01 | $1.25 | $10.10 |
| 1966-02-01 | $1.25 | $10.03 |
| 1966-03-01 | $1.25 | $10.00 |
| 1966-04-01 | $1.25 | $9.97 |
| 1966-05-01 | $1.25 | $9.95 |
| 1966-06-01 | $1.25 | $9.94 |
| 1966-07-01 | $1.25 | $9.92 |
| 1966-08-01 | $1.25 | $9.86 |
| 1966-09-01 | $1.25 | $9.83 |
| 1966-10-01 | $1.25 | $9.80 |
| 1966-11-01 | $1.25 | $9.79 |
| 1966-12-01 | $1.25 | $9.78 |
| 1967-01-01 | $1.25 | $9.78 |
| 1967-02-01 | $1.40 | $10.92 |
| 1967-03-01 | $1.40 | $10.93 |
| 1967-04-01 | $1.40 | $10.93 |
| 1967-05-01 | $1.40 | $10.90 |
| 1967-06-01 | $1.40 | $10.84 |
| 1967-07-01 | $1.40 | $10.81 |
| 1967-08-01 | $1.40 | $10.78 |
| 1967-09-01 | $1.40 | $10.75 |
| 1967-10-01 | $1.40 | $10.72 |
| 1967-11-01 | $1.40 | $10.66 |
| 1967-12-01 | $1.40 | $10.63 |
| 1968-01-01 | $1.40 | $10.63 |
| 1968-02-01 | $1.60 | $12.12 |
| 1968-03-01 | $1.60 | $12.05 |
| 1968-04-01 | $1.60 | $12.02 |
| 1968-05-01 | $1.60 | $11.99 |
| 1968-06-01 | $1.60 | $11.96 |
| 1968-07-01 | $1.60 | $11.89 |
| 1968-08-01 | $1.60 | $11.86 |
| 1968-09-01 | $1.60 | $11.83 |
| 1968-10-01 | $1.60 | $11.77 |
| 1968-11-01 | $1.60 | $11.74 |
| 1968-12-01 | $1.60 | $11.70 |
| 1969-01-01 | $1.60 | $11.67 |
| 1969-02-01 | $1.60 | $11.65 |
| 1969-03-01 | $1.60 | $11.59 |
| 1969-04-01 | $1.60 | $11.53 |
| 1969-05-01 | $1.60 | $11.50 |
| 1969-06-01 | $1.60 | $11.41 |
| 1969-07-01 | $1.60 | $11.38 |
| 1969-08-01 | $1.60 | $11.38 |
| 1969-09-01 | $1.60 | $11.30 |
| 1969-10-01 | $1.60 | $11.27 |
| 1969-11-01 | $1.60 | $11.21 |
| 1969-12-01 | $1.60 | $11.15 |
| 1970-01-01 | $1.60 | $11.10 |
| 1970-02-01 | $1.60 | $11.04 |
| 1970-03-01 | $1.60 | $11.02 |
| 1970-04-01 | $1.60 | $10.96 |
| 1970-05-01 | $1.60 | $10.94 |
| 1970-06-01 | $1.60 | $10.91 |
| 1970-07-01 | $1.60 | $10.89 |
| 1970-08-01 | $1.60 | $10.83 |
| 1970-09-01 | $1.60 | $10.81 |
| 1970-10-01 | $1.60 | $10.75 |
| 1970-11-01 | $1.60 | $10.70 |
| 1970-12-01 | $1.60 | $10.65 |
| 1971-01-01 | $1.60 | $10.63 |
| 1971-02-01 | $1.60 | $10.60 |
| 1971-03-01 | $1.60 | $10.55 |
| 1971-04-01 | $1.60 | $10.50 |
| 1971-05-01 | $1.60 | $10.45 |
| 1971-06-01 | $1.60 | $10.43 |
| 1971-07-01 | $1.60 | $10.41 |
| 1971-08-01 | $1.60 | $10.41 |
| 1971-09-01 | $1.60 | $10.36 |
| 1971-10-01 | $1.60 | $10.33 |
| 1971-11-01 | $1.60 | $10.31 |
| 1971-12-01 | $1.60 | $10.31 |
| 1972-01-01 | $1.60 | $10.26 |
| 1972-02-01 | $1.60 | $10.22 |
| 1972-03-01 | $1.60 | $10.22 |
| 1972-04-01 | $1.60 | $10.19 |
| 1972-05-01 | $1.60 | $10.17 |
| 1972-06-01 | $1.60 | $10.12 |
| 1972-07-01 | $1.60 | $10.15 |
| 1972-08-01 | $1.60 | $10.13 |
| 1972-09-01 | $1.60 | $10.06 |
| 1972-10-01 | $1.60 | $10.06 |
| 1972-11-01 | $1.60 | $9.99 |
| 1972-12-01 | $1.60 | $9.97 |
| 1973-01-01 | $1.60 | $9.90 |
| 1973-02-01 | $1.60 | $9.84 |
| 1973-03-01 | $1.60 | $9.73 |
| 1973-04-01 | $1.60 | $9.67 |
| 1973-05-01 | $1.60 | $9.63 |
| 1973-06-01 | $1.60 | $9.56 |
| 1973-07-01 | $1.60 | $9.57 |
| 1973-08-01 | $1.60 | $9.41 |
| 1973-09-01 | $1.60 | $9.37 |
| 1973-10-01 | $1.60 | $9.31 |
| 1973-11-01 | $1.60 | $9.25 |
| 1973-12-01 | $1.60 | $9.17 |
| 1974-01-01 | $1.60 | $9.08 |
| 1974-02-01 | $1.60 | $8.97 |
| 1974-03-01 | $1.60 | $8.90 |
| 1974-04-01 | $1.60 | $8.83 |
| 1974-05-01 | $2.00 | $10.95 |
| 1974-06-01 | $2.00 | $10.87 |
| 1974-07-01 | $2.00 | $10.83 |
| 1974-08-01 | $2.00 | $10.70 |
| 1974-09-01 | $2.00 | $10.56 |
| 1974-10-01 | $2.00 | $10.50 |
| 1974-11-01 | $2.00 | $10.41 |
| 1974-12-01 | $2.00 | $10.35 |
| 1975-01-01 | $2.10 | $10.78 |
| 1975-02-01 | $2.10 | $10.75 |
| 1975-03-01 | $2.10 | $10.71 |
| 1975-04-01 | $2.10 | $10.65 |
| 1975-05-01 | $2.10 | $10.65 |
| 1975-06-01 | $2.10 | $10.56 |
| 1975-07-01 | $2.10 | $10.48 |
| 1975-08-01 | $2.10 | $10.41 |
| 1975-09-01 | $2.10 | $10.35 |
| 1975-10-01 | $2.10 | $10.30 |
| 1975-11-01 | $2.10 | $10.24 |
| 1975-12-01 | $2.10 | $10.17 |
| 1976-01-01 | $2.30 | $11.10 |
| 1976-02-01 | $2.30 | $11.08 |
| 1976-03-01 | $2.30 | $11.05 |
| 1976-04-01 | $2.30 | $11.03 |
| 1976-05-01 | $2.30 | $10.97 |
| 1976-06-01 | $2.30 | $10.92 |
| 1976-07-01 | $2.30 | $10.86 |
| 1976-08-01 | $2.30 | $10.81 |
| 1976-09-01 | $2.30 | $10.75 |
| 1976-10-01 | $2.30 | $10.70 |
| 1976-11-01 | $2.30 | $10.65 |
| 1976-12-01 | $2.30 | $10.59 |
| 1977-01-01 | $2.30 | $10.52 |
| 1977-02-01 | $2.30 | $10.42 |
| 1977-03-01 | $2.30 | $10.39 |
| 1977-04-01 | $2.30 | $10.32 |
| 1977-05-01 | $2.30 | $10.29 |
| 1977-06-01 | $2.30 | $10.24 |
| 1977-07-01 | $2.30 | $10.21 |
| 1977-08-01 | $2.30 | $10.15 |
| 1977-09-01 | $2.30 | $10.13 |
| 1977-10-01 | $2.30 | $10.08 |
| 1977-11-01 | $2.30 | $10.02 |
| 1977-12-01 | $2.30 | $9.97 |
| 1978-01-01 | $2.65 | $11.45 |
| 1978-02-01 | $2.65 | $11.39 |
| 1978-03-01 | $2.65 | $11.32 |
| 1978-04-01 | $2.65 | $11.22 |
| 1978-05-01 | $2.65 | $11.13 |
| 1978-06-01 | $2.65 | $11.04 |
| 1978-07-01 | $2.65 | $10.99 |
| 1978-08-01 | $2.65 | $10.93 |
| 1978-09-01 | $2.65 | $10.88 |
| 1978-10-01 | $2.65 | $10.82 |
| 1978-11-01 | $2.65 | $10.73 |
| 1978-12-01 | $2.65 | $10.66 |
| 1979-01-01 | $2.90 | $11.58 |
| 1979-02-01 | $2.90 | $11.48 |
| 1979-03-01 | $2.90 | $11.39 |
| 1979-04-01 | $2.90 | $11.28 |
| 1979-05-01 | $2.90 | $11.17 |
| 1979-06-01 | $2.90 | $11.07 |
| 1979-07-01 | $2.90 | $10.97 |
| 1979-08-01 | $2.90 | $10.88 |
| 1979-09-01 | $2.90 | $10.79 |
| 1979-10-01 | $2.90 | $10.71 |
| 1979-11-01 | $2.90 | $10.64 |
| 1979-12-01 | $2.90 | $10.52 |
| 1980-01-01 | $3.10 | $11.14 |
| 1980-02-01 | $3.10 | $11.00 |
| 1980-03-01 | $3.10 | $10.88 |
| 1980-04-01 | $3.10 | $10.81 |
| 1980-05-01 | $3.10 | $10.73 |
| 1980-06-01 | $3.10 | $10.66 |
| 1980-07-01 | $3.10 | $10.58 |
| 1980-08-01 | $3.10 | $10.49 |
| 1980-09-01 | $3.10 | $10.40 |
| 1980-10-01 | $3.10 | $10.33 |
| 1980-11-01 | $3.10 | $10.25 |
| 1980-12-01 | $3.10 | $10.15 |
| 1981-01-01 | $3.35 | $10.89 |
| 1981-02-01 | $3.35 | $10.77 |
| 1981-03-01 | $3.35 | $10.68 |
| 1981-04-01 | $3.35 | $10.63 |
| 1981-05-01 | $3.35 | $10.57 |
| 1981-06-01 | $3.35 | $10.52 |
| 1981-07-01 | $3.35 | $10.44 |
| 1981-08-01 | $3.35 | $10.36 |
| 1981-09-01 | $3.35 | $10.30 |
| 1981-10-01 | $3.35 | $10.25 |
| 1981-11-01 | $3.35 | $10.19 |
| 1981-12-01 | $3.35 | $10.13 |
| 1982-01-01 | $3.35 | $10.09 |
| 1982-02-01 | $3.35 | $10.06 |
| 1982-03-01 | $3.35 | $10.05 |
| 1982-04-01 | $3.35 | $10.05 |
| 1982-05-01 | $3.35 | $9.98 |
| 1982-06-01 | $3.35 | $9.89 |
| 1982-07-01 | $3.35 | $9.82 |
| 1982-08-01 | $3.35 | $9.80 |
| 1982-09-01 | $3.35 | $9.77 |
| 1982-10-01 | $3.35 | $9.71 |
| 1982-11-01 | $3.35 | $9.68 |
| 1982-12-01 | $3.35 | $9.65 |
| 1983-01-01 | $3.35 | $9.63 |
| 1983-02-01 | $3.35 | $9.63 |
| 1983-03-01 | $3.35 | $9.63 |
| 1983-04-01 | $3.35 | $9.56 |
| 1983-05-01 | $3.35 | $9.52 |
| 1983-06-01 | $3.35 | $9.49 |
| 1983-07-01 | $3.35 | $9.45 |
| 1983-08-01 | $3.35 | $9.42 |
| 1983-09-01 | $3.35 | $9.38 |
| 1983-10-01 | $3.35 | $9.35 |
| 1983-11-01 | $3.35 | $9.32 |
| 1983-12-01 | $3.35 | $9.29 |
| 1984-01-01 | $3.35 | $9.25 |
| 1984-02-01 | $3.35 | $9.21 |
| 1984-03-01 | $3.35 | $9.20 |
| 1984-04-01 | $3.35 | $9.16 |
| 1984-05-01 | $3.35 | $9.14 |
| 1984-06-01 | $3.35 | $9.12 |
| 1984-07-01 | $3.35 | $9.08 |
| 1984-08-01 | $3.35 | $9.05 |
| 1984-09-01 | $3.35 | $9.02 |
| 1984-10-01 | $3.35 | $9.00 |
| 1984-11-01 | $3.35 | $8.98 |
| 1984-12-01 | $3.35 | $8.95 |
| 1985-01-01 | $3.35 | $8.95 |
| 1985-02-01 | $3.35 | $8.92 |
| 1985-03-01 | $3.35 | $8.88 |
| 1985-04-01 | $3.35 | $8.85 |
| 1985-05-01 | $3.35 | $8.82 |
| 1985-06-01 | $3.35 | $8.80 |
| 1985-07-01 | $3.35 | $8.78 |
| 1985-08-01 | $3.35 | $8.76 |
| 1985-09-01 | $3.35 | $8.75 |
| 1985-10-01 | $3.35 | $8.72 |
| 1985-11-01 | $3.35 | $8.67 |
| 1985-12-01 | $3.35 | $8.64 |
| 1986-01-01 | $3.35 | $8.62 |
| 1986-02-01 | $3.35 | $8.65 |
| 1986-03-01 | $3.35 | $8.69 |
| 1986-04-01 | $3.35 | $8.72 |
| 1986-05-01 | $3.35 | $8.70 |
| 1986-06-01 | $3.35 | $8.66 |
| 1986-07-01 | $3.35 | $8.66 |
| 1986-08-01 | $3.35 | $8.64 |
| 1986-09-01 | $3.35 | $8.61 |
| 1986-10-01 | $3.35 | $8.60 |
| 1986-11-01 | $3.35 | $8.58 |
| 1986-12-01 | $3.35 | $8.55 |
| 1987-01-01 | $3.35 | $8.51 |
| 1987-02-01 | $3.35 | $8.49 |
| 1987-03-01 | $3.35 | $8.45 |
| 1987-04-01 | $3.35 | $8.42 |
| 1987-05-01 | $3.35 | $8.40 |
| 1987-06-01 | $3.35 | $8.37 |
| 1987-07-01 | $3.35 | $8.35 |
| 1987-08-01 | $3.35 | $8.31 |
| 1987-09-01 | $3.35 | $8.28 |
| 1987-10-01 | $3.35 | $8.26 |
| 1987-11-01 | $3.35 | $8.23 |
| 1987-12-01 | $3.35 | $8.22 |
| 1988-01-01 | $3.35 | $8.21 |
| 1988-02-01 | $3.35 | $8.20 |
| 1988-03-01 | $3.35 | $8.17 |
| 1988-04-01 | $3.35 | $8.14 |
| 1988-05-01 | $3.35 | $8.11 |
| 1988-06-01 | $3.35 | $8.09 |
| 1988-07-01 | $3.35 | $8.05 |
| 1988-08-01 | $3.35 | $8.02 |
| 1988-09-01 | $3.35 | $7.98 |
| 1988-10-01 | $3.35 | $7.96 |
| 1988-11-01 | $3.35 | $7.93 |
| 1988-12-01 | $3.35 | $7.91 |
| 1989-01-01 | $3.35 | $7.88 |
| 1989-02-01 | $3.35 | $7.86 |
| 1989-03-01 | $3.35 | $7.82 |
| 1989-04-01 | $3.35 | $7.78 |
| 1989-05-01 | $3.35 | $7.74 |
| 1989-06-01 | $3.35 | $7.73 |
| 1989-07-01 | $3.35 | $7.70 |
| 1989-08-01 | $3.35 | $7.70 |
| 1989-09-01 | $3.35 | $7.68 |
| 1989-10-01 | $3.35 | $7.64 |
| 1989-11-01 | $3.35 | $7.62 |
| 1989-12-01 | $3.35 | $7.59 |
| 1990-01-01 | $3.35 | $7.52 |
| 1990-02-01 | $3.35 | $7.50 |
| 1990-03-01 | $3.35 | $7.46 |
| 1990-04-01 | $3.80 | $8.46 |
| 1990-05-01 | $3.80 | $8.45 |
| 1990-06-01 | $3.80 | $8.41 |
| 1990-07-01 | $3.80 | $8.37 |
| 1990-08-01 | $3.80 | $8.30 |
| 1990-09-01 | $3.80 | $8.24 |
| 1990-10-01 | $3.80 | $8.19 |
| 1990-11-01 | $3.80 | $8.16 |
| 1990-12-01 | $3.80 | $8.14 |
| 1991-01-01 | $3.80 | $8.12 |
| 1991-02-01 | $3.80 | $8.12 |
| 1991-03-01 | $3.80 | $8.12 |
| 1991-04-01 | $4.25 | $9.08 |
| 1991-05-01 | $4.25 | $9.05 |
| 1991-06-01 | $4.25 | $9.04 |
| 1991-07-01 | $4.25 | $9.02 |
| 1991-08-01 | $4.25 | $9.00 |
| 1991-09-01 | $4.25 | $8.97 |
| 1991-10-01 | $4.25 | $8.96 |
| 1991-11-01 | $4.25 | $8.92 |
| 1991-12-01 | $4.25 | $8.90 |
| 1992-01-01 | $4.25 | $8.89 |
| 1992-02-01 | $4.25 | $8.87 |
| 1992-03-01 | $4.25 | $8.85 |
| 1992-04-01 | $4.25 | $8.84 |
| 1992-05-01 | $4.25 | $8.83 |
| 1992-06-01 | $4.25 | $8.81 |
| 1992-07-01 | $4.25 | $8.79 |
| 1992-08-01 | $4.25 | $8.77 |
| 1992-09-01 | $4.25 | $8.75 |
| 1992-10-01 | $4.25 | $8.73 |
| 1992-11-01 | $4.25 | $8.70 |
| 1992-12-01 | $4.25 | $8.68 |
| 1993-01-01 | $4.25 | $8.66 |
| 1993-02-01 | $4.25 | $8.64 |
| 1993-03-01 | $4.25 | $8.63 |
| 1993-04-01 | $4.25 | $8.61 |
| 1993-05-01 | $4.25 | $8.59 |
| 1993-06-01 | $4.25 | $8.59 |
| 1993-07-01 | $4.25 | $8.58 |
| 1993-08-01 | $4.25 | $8.56 |
| 1993-09-01 | $4.25 | $8.56 |
| 1993-10-01 | $4.25 | $8.52 |
| 1993-11-01 | $4.25 | $8.50 |
| 1993-12-01 | $4.25 | $8.49 |
| 1994-01-01 | $4.25 | $8.48 |
| 1994-02-01 | $4.25 | $8.47 |
| 1994-03-01 | $4.25 | $8.45 |
| 1994-04-01 | $4.25 | $8.45 |
| 1994-05-01 | $4.25 | $8.44 |
| 1994-06-01 | $4.25 | $8.42 |
| 1994-07-01 | $4.25 | $8.40 |
| 1994-08-01 | $4.25 | $8.37 |
| 1994-09-01 | $4.25 | $8.36 |
| 1994-10-01 | $4.25 | $8.35 |
| 1994-11-01 | $4.25 | $8.33 |
| 1994-12-01 | $4.25 | $8.31 |
| 1995-01-01 | $4.25 | $8.29 |
| 1995-02-01 | $4.25 | $8.27 |
| 1995-03-01 | $4.25 | $8.26 |
| 1995-04-01 | $4.25 | $8.24 |
| 1995-05-01 | $4.25 | $8.23 |
| 1995-06-01 | $4.25 | $8.21 |
| 1995-07-01 | $4.25 | $8.20 |
| 1995-08-01 | $4.25 | $8.19 |
| 1995-09-01 | $4.25 | $8.17 |
| 1995-10-01 | $4.25 | $8.15 |
| 1995-11-01 | $4.25 | $8.14 |
| 1995-12-01 | $4.25 | $8.12 |
| 1996-01-01 | $4.25 | $8.09 |
| 1996-02-01 | $4.25 | $8.08 |
| 1996-03-01 | $4.25 | $8.05 |
| 1996-04-01 | $4.25 | $8.03 |
| 1996-05-01 | $4.25 | $8.01 |
| 1996-06-01 | $4.25 | $8.00 |
| 1996-07-01 | $4.25 | $7.99 |
| 1996-08-01 | $4.25 | $7.98 |
| 1996-09-01 | $4.25 | $7.96 |
| 1996-10-01 | $4.75 | $8.86 |
| 1996-11-01 | $4.75 | $8.83 |
| 1996-12-01 | $4.75 | $8.80 |
| 1997-01-01 | $4.75 | $8.79 |
| 1997-02-01 | $4.75 | $8.78 |
| 1997-03-01 | $4.75 | $8.77 |
| 1997-04-01 | $4.75 | $8.77 |
| 1997-05-01 | $4.75 | $8.77 |
| 1997-06-01 | $4.75 | $8.76 |
| 1997-07-01 | $4.75 | $8.75 |
| 1997-08-01 | $4.75 | $8.74 |
| 1997-09-01 | $5.15 | $9.45 |
| 1997-10-01 | $5.15 | $9.43 |
| 1997-11-01 | $5.15 | $9.41 |
| 1997-12-01 | $5.15 | $9.40 |
| 1998-01-01 | $5.15 | $9.39 |
| 1998-02-01 | $5.15 | $9.39 |
| 1998-03-01 | $5.15 | $9.40 |
| 1998-04-01 | $5.15 | $9.39 |
| 1998-05-01 | $5.15 | $9.37 |
| 1998-06-01 | $5.15 | $9.37 |
| 1998-07-01 | $5.15 | $9.35 |
| 1998-08-01 | $5.15 | $9.34 |
| 1998-09-01 | $5.15 | $9.33 |
| 1998-10-01 | $5.15 | $9.31 |
| 1998-11-01 | $5.15 | $9.29 |
| 1998-12-01 | $5.15 | $9.27 |
| 1999-01-01 | $5.15 | $9.26 |
| 1999-02-01 | $5.15 | $9.26 |
| 1999-03-01 | $5.15 | $9.25 |
| 1999-04-01 | $5.15 | $9.19 |
| 1999-05-01 | $5.15 | $9.20 |
| 1999-06-01 | $5.15 | $9.19 |
| 1999-07-01 | $5.15 | $9.16 |
| 1999-08-01 | $5.15 | $9.14 |
| 1999-09-01 | $5.15 | $9.10 |
| 1999-10-01 | $5.15 | $9.07 |
| 1999-11-01 | $5.15 | $9.05 |
| 1999-12-01 | $5.15 | $9.02 |
| 2000-01-01 | $5.15 | $9.00 |
| 2000-02-01 | $5.15 | $8.97 |
| 2000-03-01 | $5.15 | $8.92 |
| 2000-04-01 | $5.15 | $8.92 |
| 2000-05-01 | $5.15 | $8.91 |
| 2000-06-01 | $5.15 | $8.86 |
| 2000-07-01 | $5.15 | $8.84 |
| 2000-08-01 | $5.15 | $8.84 |
| 2000-09-01 | $5.15 | $8.80 |
| 2000-10-01 | $5.15 | $8.77 |
| 2000-11-01 | $5.15 | $8.74 |
| 2000-12-01 | $5.15 | $8.72 |
| 2001-01-01 | $5.15 | $8.68 |
| 2001-02-01 | $5.15 | $8.66 |
| 2001-03-01 | $5.15 | $8.66 |
| 2001-04-01 | $5.15 | $8.64 |
| 2001-05-01 | $5.15 | $8.60 |
| 2001-06-01 | $5.15 | $8.58 |
| 2001-07-01 | $5.15 | $8.60 |
| 2001-08-01 | $5.15 | $8.60 |
| 2001-09-01 | $5.15 | $8.57 |
| 2001-10-01 | $5.15 | $8.59 |
| 2001-11-01 | $5.15 | $8.58 |
| 2001-12-01 | $5.15 | $8.59 |
| 2002-01-01 | $5.15 | $8.58 |
| 2002-02-01 | $5.15 | $8.56 |
| 2002-03-01 | $5.15 | $8.54 |
| 2002-04-01 | $5.15 | $8.50 |
| 2002-05-01 | $5.15 | $8.50 |
| 2002-06-01 | $5.15 | $8.50 |
| 2002-07-01 | $5.15 | $8.48 |
| 2002-08-01 | $5.15 | $8.45 |
| 2002-09-01 | $5.15 | $8.44 |
| 2002-10-01 | $5.15 | $8.42 |
| 2002-11-01 | $5.15 | $8.39 |
| 2002-12-01 | $5.15 | $8.39 |
| 2003-01-01 | $5.15 | $8.36 |
| 2003-02-01 | $5.15 | $8.31 |
| 2003-03-01 | $5.15 | $8.28 |
| 2003-04-01 | $5.15 | $8.31 |
| 2003-05-01 | $5.15 | $8.33 |
| 2003-06-01 | $5.15 | $8.32 |
| 2003-07-01 | $5.15 | $8.30 |
| 2003-08-01 | $5.15 | $8.27 |
| 2003-09-01 | $5.15 | $8.25 |
| 2003-10-01 | $5.15 | $8.25 |
| 2003-11-01 | $5.15 | $8.25 |
| 2003-12-01 | $5.15 | $8.23 |
| 2004-01-01 | $5.15 | $8.20 |
| 2004-02-01 | $5.15 | $8.17 |
| 2004-03-01 | $5.15 | $8.14 |
| 2004-04-01 | $5.15 | $8.13 |
| 2004-05-01 | $5.15 | $8.09 |
| 2004-06-01 | $5.15 | $8.06 |
| 2004-07-01 | $5.15 | $8.06 |
| 2004-08-01 | $5.15 | $8.06 |
| 2004-09-01 | $5.15 | $8.05 |
| 2004-10-01 | $5.15 | $7.99 |
| 2004-11-01 | $5.15 | $7.96 |
| 2004-12-01 | $5.15 | $7.97 |
| 2005-01-01 | $5.15 | $7.97 |
| 2005-02-01 | $5.15 | $7.94 |
| 2005-03-01 | $5.15 | $7.90 |
| 2005-04-01 | $5.15 | $7.85 |
| 2005-05-01 | $5.15 | $7.86 |
| 2005-06-01 | $5.15 | $7.86 |
| 2005-07-01 | $5.15 | $7.82 |
| 2005-08-01 | $5.15 | $7.78 |
| 2005-09-01 | $5.15 | $7.68 |
| 2005-10-01 | $5.15 | $7.66 |
| 2005-11-01 | $5.15 | $7.70 |
| 2005-12-01 | $5.15 | $7.71 |
| 2006-01-01 | $5.15 | $7.66 |
| 2006-02-01 | $5.15 | $7.66 |
| 2006-03-01 | $5.15 | $7.63 |
| 2006-04-01 | $5.15 | $7.58 |
| 2006-05-01 | $5.15 | $7.55 |
| 2006-06-01 | $5.15 | $7.54 |
| 2006-07-01 | $5.15 | $7.51 |
| 2006-08-01 | $5.15 | $7.49 |
| 2006-09-01 | $5.15 | $7.53 |
| 2006-10-01 | $5.15 | $7.56 |
| 2006-11-01 | $5.15 | $7.55 |
| 2006-12-01 | $5.15 | $7.51 |
| 2007-01-01 | $5.15 | $7.50 |
| 2007-02-01 | $5.15 | $7.47 |
| 2007-03-01 | $5.15 | $7.43 |
| 2007-04-01 | $5.15 | $7.39 |
| 2007-05-01 | $5.15 | $7.35 |
| 2007-06-01 | $5.15 | $7.34 |
| 2007-07-01 | $5.85 | $8.33 |
| 2007-08-01 | $5.85 | $8.34 |
| 2007-09-01 | $5.85 | $8.32 |
| 2007-10-01 | $5.85 | $8.29 |
| 2007-11-01 | $5.85 | $8.22 |
| 2007-12-01 | $5.85 | $8.20 |
| 2008-01-01 | $5.85 | $8.17 |
| 2008-02-01 | $5.85 | $8.16 |
| 2008-03-01 | $5.85 | $8.12 |
| 2008-04-01 | $5.85 | $8.08 |
| 2008-05-01 | $5.85 | $8.02 |
| 2008-06-01 | $5.85 | $7.94 |
| 2008-07-01 | $6.55 | $8.83 |
| 2008-08-01 | $6.55 | $8.87 |
| 2008-09-01 | $6.55 | $8.88 |
| 2008-10-01 | $6.55 | $8.96 |
| 2008-11-01 | $6.55 | $9.10 |
| 2008-12-01 | $6.55 | $9.17 |
| 2009-01-01 | $6.55 | $9.15 |
| 2009-02-01 | $6.55 | $9.12 |
| 2009-03-01 | $6.55 | $9.12 |
| 2009-04-01 | $6.55 | $9.11 |
| 2009-05-01 | $6.55 | $9.09 |
| 2009-06-01 | $6.55 | $9.02 |
| 2009-07-01 | $7.25 | $9.99 |
| 2009-08-01 | $7.25 | $9.96 |
| 2009-09-01 | $7.25 | $9.96 |
| 2009-10-01 | $7.25 | $9.93 |
| 2009-11-01 | $7.25 | $9.90 |
| 2009-12-01 | $7.25 | $9.88 |
| 2010-01-01 | $7.25 | $9.87 |
| 2010-02-01 | $7.25 | $9.88 |
| 2010-03-01 | $7.25 | $9.87 |
| 2010-04-01 | $7.25 | $9.86 |
| 2010-05-01 | $7.25 | $9.87 |
| 2010-06-01 | $7.25 | $9.88 |
| 2010-07-01 | $7.25 | $9.87 |
| 2010-08-01 | $7.25 | $9.85 |
| 2010-09-01 | $7.25 | $9.84 |
| 2010-10-01 | $7.25 | $9.82 |
| 2010-11-01 | $7.25 | $9.78 |
| 2010-12-01 | $7.25 | $9.74 |
| 2011-01-01 | $7.25 | $9.70 |
| 2011-02-01 | $7.25 | $9.68 |
| 2011-03-01 | $7.25 | $9.61 |
| 2011-04-01 | $7.25 | $9.56 |
| 2011-05-01 | $7.25 | $9.52 |
| 2011-06-01 | $7.25 | $9.54 |
| 2011-07-01 | $7.25 | $9.52 |
| 2011-08-01 | $7.25 | $9.49 |
| 2011-09-01 | $7.25 | $9.48 |
| 2011-10-01 | $7.25 | $9.48 |
| 2011-11-01 | $7.25 | $9.46 |
| 2011-12-01 | $7.25 | $9.45 |
| 2012-01-01 | $7.25 | $9.43 |
| 2012-02-01 | $7.25 | $9.40 |
| 2012-03-01 | $7.25 | $9.36 |
| 2012-04-01 | $7.25 | $9.34 |
| 2012-05-01 | $7.25 | $9.36 |
| 2012-06-01 | $7.25 | $9.38 |
| 2012-07-01 | $7.25 | $9.39 |
| 2012-08-01 | $7.25 | $9.33 |
| 2012-09-01 | $7.25 | $9.29 |
| 2012-10-01 | $7.25 | $9.28 |
| 2012-11-01 | $7.25 | $9.29 |
| 2012-12-01 | $7.25 | $9.29 |
| 2013-01-01 | $7.25 | $9.27 |
| 2013-02-01 | $7.25 | $9.22 |
| 2013-03-01 | $7.25 | $9.22 |
| 2013-04-01 | $7.25 | $9.24 |
| 2013-05-01 | $7.25 | $9.23 |
| 2013-06-01 | $7.25 | $9.21 |
| 2013-07-01 | $7.25 | $9.20 |
| 2013-08-01 | $7.25 | $9.19 |
| 2013-09-01 | $7.25 | $9.18 |
| 2013-10-01 | $7.25 | $9.19 |
| 2013-11-01 | $7.25 | $9.17 |
| 2013-12-01 | $7.25 | $9.15 |
| 2014-01-01 | $7.25 | $9.13 |
| 2014-02-01 | $7.25 | $9.11 |
| 2014-03-01 | $7.25 | $9.08 |
| 2014-04-01 | $7.25 | $9.06 |
| 2014-05-01 | $7.25 | $9.03 |
| 2014-06-01 | $7.25 | $9.02 |
| 2014-07-01 | $7.25 | $9.02 |
| 2014-08-01 | $7.25 | $9.03 |
| 2014-09-01 | $7.25 | $9.02 |
| 2014-10-01 | $7.25 | $9.03 |
| 2014-11-01 | $7.25 | $9.05 |
| 2014-12-01 | $7.25 | $9.07 |
| 2015-01-01 | $7.25 | $9.13 |
| 2015-02-01 | $7.25 | $9.11 |
| 2015-03-01 | $7.25 | $9.08 |
| 2015-04-01 | $7.25 | $9.07 |
| 2015-05-01 | $7.25 | $9.03 |
| 2015-06-01 | $7.25 | $9.00 |
| 2015-07-01 | $7.25 | $9.00 |
| 2015-08-01 | $7.25 | $9.01 |
| 2015-09-01 | $7.25 | $9.02 |
| 2015-10-01 | $7.25 | $9.01 |
| 2015-11-01 | $7.25 | $9.00 |
| 2015-12-01 | $7.25 | $9.00 |
| 2016-01-01 | $7.25 | $9.00 |
| 2016-02-01 | $7.25 | $9.01 |
| 2016-03-01 | $7.25 | $9.00 |
| 2016-04-01 | $7.25 | $8.97 |
| 2016-05-01 | $7.25 | $8.94 |
| 2016-06-01 | $7.25 | $8.91 |
| 2016-07-01 | $7.25 | $8.92 |
| 2016-08-01 | $7.25 | $8.91 |
| 2016-09-01 | $7.25 | $8.89 |
| 2016-10-01 | $7.25 | $8.86 |
| 2016-11-01 | $7.25 | $8.85 |
| 2016-12-01 | $7.25 | $8.82 |
| 2017-01-01 | $7.25 | $8.78 |
| 2017-02-01 | $7.25 | $8.77 |
| 2017-03-01 | $7.25 | $8.79 |
| 2017-04-01 | $7.25 | $8.77 |
| 2017-05-01 | $7.25 | $8.77 |
| 2017-06-01 | $7.25 | $8.77 |
| 2017-07-01 | $7.25 | $8.77 |
| 2017-08-01 | $7.25 | $8.74 |
| 2017-09-01 | $7.25 | $8.69 |
| 2017-10-01 | $7.25 | $8.69 |
| 2017-11-01 | $7.25 | $8.66 |
| 2017-12-01 | $7.25 | $8.64 |
| 2018-01-01 | $7.25 | $8.61 |
| 2018-02-01 | $7.25 | $8.58 |
| 2018-03-01 | $7.25 | $8.59 |
| 2018-04-01 | $7.25 | $8.56 |
| 2018-05-01 | $7.25 | $8.53 |
| 2018-06-01 | $7.25 | $8.52 |
| 2018-07-01 | $7.25 | $8.52 |
| 2018-08-01 | $7.25 | $8.51 |
| 2018-09-01 | $7.25 | $8.50 |
| 2018-10-01 | $7.25 | $8.47 |
| 2018-11-01 | $7.25 | $8.47 |
| 2018-12-01 | $7.25 | $8.47 |
| 2019-01-01 | $7.25 | $8.47 |
| 2019-02-01 | $7.25 | $8.46 |
| 2019-03-01 | $7.25 | $8.43 |
| 2019-04-01 | $7.25 | $8.39 |
| 2019-05-01 | $7.25 | $8.38 |
| 2019-06-01 | $7.25 | $8.38 |
| 2019-07-01 | $7.25 | $8.36 |
| 2019-08-01 | $7.25 | $8.36 |
| 2019-09-01 | $7.25 | $8.36 |
| 2019-10-01 | $7.25 | $8.32 |
| 2019-11-01 | $7.25 | $8.30 |
| 2019-12-01 | $7.25 | $8.29 |
| 2020-01-01 | $7.25 | $8.27 |
| 2020-02-01 | $7.25 | $8.26 |
| 2020-03-01 | $7.25 | $8.30 |
| 2020-04-01 | $7.25 | $8.36 |
| 2020-05-01 | $7.25 | $8.37 |
| 2020-06-01 | $7.25 | $8.33 |
| 2020-07-01 | $7.25 | $8.28 |
| 2020-08-01 | $7.25 | $8.25 |
| 2020-09-01 | $7.25 | $8.24 |
| 2020-10-01 | $7.25 | $8.23 |
| 2020-11-01 | $7.25 | $8.21 |
| 2020-12-01 | $7.25 | $8.19 |
| 2021-01-01 | $7.25 | $8.17 |
| 2021-02-01 | $7.25 | $8.13 |
| 2021-03-01 | $7.25 | $8.08 |
| 2021-04-01 | $7.25 | $8.03 |
| 2021-05-01 | $7.25 | $7.97 |
| 2021-06-01 | $7.25 | $7.90 |
| 2021-07-01 | $7.25 | $7.87 |
| 2021-08-01 | $7.25 | $7.84 |
| 2021-09-01 | $7.25 | $7.81 |
| 2021-10-01 | $7.25 | $7.74 |
| 2021-11-01 | $7.25 | $7.69 |
| 2021-12-01 | $7.25 | $7.64 |
| 2022-01-01 | $7.25 | $7.59 |
| 2022-02-01 | $7.25 | $7.53 |
| 2022-03-01 | $7.25 | $7.44 |
| 2022-04-01 | $7.25 | $7.42 |
| 2022-05-01 | $7.25 | $7.35 |
| 2022-06-01 | $7.25 | $7.25 |
Note: All values in June 2022 dollars, adjusted using the CPI-U in 2022 chained to the CPI-U-RS (1978–2021) and CPI-U-X1 (1967–1977) and CPI-U (1966 and before).
Source: Fair Labor Standards Act and amendments.
Last July marked the longest period without a minimum wage increase since Congress established the federal minimum wage in 1938, and continued inaction on the federal minimum wage over the past year has only further eroded the minimum wage’s value. As shown, a worker paid the current $7.25 federal minimum wage earns 27.4% less in inflation-adjusted terms than what their counterpart was paid in July 2009 when the minimum wage was last increased, and 40.2% less than a minimum wage worker in February 1968, the historical high point of the minimum wage’s value.
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Without government programs, millions more would be in poverty: Number of people in poverty, as measured by the Supplemental Poverty Measure, and additional number that would be in poverty without specified government program, by age group, 2021
5
| Under 18 years | 18 to 64 years | 65 years and older | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of people in poverty | 3,829,000 | 15,752,000 | 6,003,000 | 0 |
| 0 | ||||
| Social Security | 1,065,000 | 7,183,000 | 18,091,000 | 0 |
| Refundable tax credits | 4,893,000 | 4,536,000 | 206,000 | 1 |
| Economic Impact/stimulus | 2,270,000 | 4,939,000 | 1,690,000 | 2 |
| Child Tax Credit | 2,919,000 | 2,315,000 | 108,000 | 3 |
| SNAP/school lunch | 1,188,000 | 1,883,000 | 343,000 | 4 |
| SSI | 288,000 | 1,874,000 | 585,000 | 5 |
| Housing subsidies | 595,000 | 1,200,000 | 616,000 | 6 |
| Unemployment insurance | 525,000 | 1,569,000 | 198,000 | 7 |
| TANF/general assistance | 109,000 | 161,000 | 15,000 | 8 |
| Energy assistance | 32,000 | 77,000 | 41,000 | 9 |
| Workers’ compensation | 11,000 | 117,000 | 10,000 | 10 |
| WIC | 39,000 | 41,000 | 0 | 11 |
Notes: Refundable tax credits include the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), Child Tax Credit, and Child and Dependent Care Credit. The economic impact payment refers to the third round of stimulus payments only. SSI refers to Supplemental Security Income, SNAP refers to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, TANF refers to Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, WIC refers to the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, and LIHEAP refers to the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program.
Source: EPI analysis of John Creamer, Emily A. Shrider, Kalee Burns, and Frances Chen, Poverty in the United States: 2021, U.S. Census Bureau report #P60-277, September 2022.
The third and final economic impact stimulus payment was measurably effective in alleviating economic distress, keeping close to 9 million people from poverty. The stimulus payment likely reached many who were ineligible for Social Security, the EITC, or CTC and who were still struggling from the effects of the pandemic shock to the economy. The sheer number of people this program supported underscores the success of direct income support programs.
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